How to get married at the courthouse in California is a question many couples ask when seeking a simple, cost-effective, and legally binding way to get married without the fuss of a large wedding. California offers an accessible and straightforward process for courthouse weddings, which are ideal for couples wanting a quick, intimate ceremony or those who prefer a no-frills approach. From residents to out-of-state visitors, getting married at the courthouse in California ensures your marriage is recognized statewide and across the country. This guide explains the full process, requirements, and important considerations to help you navigate your courthouse wedding smoothly and confidently in California.
Requirements to Get Married at the Courthouse in California
Before you plan your courthouse wedding, it’s essential to understand all the legal requirements and documents you’ll need to comply with California law.
1. Age Requirements: Both parties must be at least 18 years old to marry without parental consent. Minors aged 17 may marry with both parental consent and a court order, but this process is uncommon and requires additional legal steps. Anyone under 16 cannot legally marry in California. This age policy helps protect minors and ensures informed consent.
2. Valid Identification: Both applicants must provide a valid government-issued photo ID such as a driver’s license, state ID card, or passport. This is crucial for verifying your identities and ages when applying for the marriage license.
3. Marriage License: Couples must obtain a marriage license from a California County Clerk’s Office prior to the ceremony. Unlike some states, the license can be obtained in any county in California regardless of where the ceremony will take place. For example, you can get your license in Los Angeles County and marry in San Francisco.
4. Residency: There is no residency requirement for getting married in California. Non-residents can get a license and marry anywhere in the state. This flexibility makes California a popular choice for destination weddings and elopements.
5. Waiting Period: California has no waiting period. You can get married immediately after obtaining your marriage license, which is valid for 90 days. If you do not marry within this period, the license expires and you will need to reapply.
6. Witness Requirement: For a courthouse wedding in California, one or two witnesses are required to be present at the ceremony and sign the marriage license. You can bring your own witnesses or sometimes the courthouse will provide them.
7. Fees: The marriage license fee varies by county, typically between \$50 to \$110, depending on the location. Some counties also charge an additional fee for the ceremony if performed at the courthouse by the county clerk or a judge.
All Steps to Get Married at the Courthouse in California
1. Obtain Your Marriage License at the County Clerk’s Office
To begin, both parties must visit a County Clerk’s Office together to apply for a marriage license. This visit usually requires no appointment but checking in advance is advisable. The application involves providing personal details such as full names, birthdates, places of birth, and Social Security numbers if applicable. The clerk will verify your IDs and issue your marriage license immediately. For example, in Los Angeles County, you can apply online to speed up the process, then visit the office to pick up the license.
2. Schedule Your Courthouse Wedding Ceremony
Many California counties offer the option to have the ceremony performed by a judge, court commissioner, or authorized official at the courthouse. Scheduling an appointment is generally required due to demand and limited time slots. For instance, the San Francisco County Clerk’s Office requires booking a ceremony date at least a few days in advance. Some counties offer same-day ceremonies depending on availability. If you prefer, you can also have a licensed officiant perform the ceremony elsewhere using the same marriage license.
3. Bring Witnesses and Prepare for the Ceremony
On the day of the ceremony, ensure you bring your marriage license, valid photo IDs, and the required number of witnesses (usually one or two). Your witnesses must be over 18 and will be asked to sign the marriage license after the ceremony. The ceremony itself is brief, typically lasting 10 to 15 minutes, and can be a formal or casual event depending on your preference. Some couples bring small bouquets or dress formally, while others keep it low-key and simple.
4. Participate in the Marriage Ceremony
The officiant, usually a judge, court commissioner, or authorized clerk, will conduct the marriage ceremony. This typically includes a brief exchange of vows, a declaration of intent to marry, and the signing of the marriage license by the couple, officiant, and witnesses. For example, a couple may say their own vows or recite a traditional phrase. The ceremony will legally bind the marriage once the license is signed.
5. Return the Signed Marriage License to the County Clerk
After the ceremony, the signed marriage license must be returned to the issuing County Clerk’s Office for recording. This is usually done by the officiant, but in some cases, couples may be responsible for submitting it. Once the license is recorded, the marriage is legally official. Couples can then request certified copies of their marriage certificate for use in legal name changes, insurance, and other official matters.
Things to Consider When Deciding to Get Married at the Courthouse in California
1. The Convenience and Affordability of Courthouse Weddings
Choosing a courthouse wedding in California is a highly convenient and affordable option compared to traditional weddings. The lower fees and fewer logistical challenges make it accessible for couples who want to avoid wedding planning stress. For example, you don’t need to worry about booking venues, caterers, or large guest lists. This simplicity allows couples to focus solely on their commitment.
2. Limited Availability and Scheduling Challenges
While convenient, courthouse weddings in California may require advance planning due to limited ceremony slots. In busy counties like Los Angeles or San Francisco, scheduling your ceremony weeks in advance might be necessary. It’s advisable to book early and check each county’s website for appointment details. Walk-in ceremonies are rare in larger counties.
3. The Role of Witnesses in California Courthouse Weddings
Unlike some states that do not require witnesses, California mandates at least one or two witnesses during the ceremony. If you don’t have anyone to attend with you, some counties may provide court staff or allow you to bring a friend or family member. This is an important logistical point to consider, especially for couples eloping or having intimate ceremonies.
4. Flexibility in Ceremony Style and Timing
Courthouse weddings in California offer great flexibility in how and when you marry. Some counties offer extended hours or weekend appointments, while others operate during regular business hours. You can choose a formal ceremony with personalized vows or a brief civil ceremony. For instance, the San Diego County Clerk’s Office offers virtual ceremonies during certain periods, reflecting adaptability to current circumstances.
5. Legal Recognition and Documentation Importance
Once your marriage is recorded, it holds full legal recognition in California and nationwide. This is crucial for tax filing, health insurance, inheritance rights, and immigration. Always order multiple certified copies of your marriage certificate soon after the ceremony to avoid delays in legal processes. Remember, the marriage license is not proof of marriage—only the certified certificate is.
6. Adding Personal Touches to a Courthouse Wedding
Many couples worry that courthouse weddings lack romance or personal meaning. However, you can add many personal touches to your ceremony. Consider dressing in your favorite formal attire, bringing meaningful readings or vows, or celebrating afterward with a private dinner or small gathering. Some couples even hire photographers to capture the moment, making the day special and memorable despite the simplicity.
Conclusion
Getting married at the courthouse in California is an excellent choice for couples who desire a straightforward, legally binding marriage without the complexities and expenses of a traditional wedding. By understanding the requirements, following the steps to obtain your license and schedule your ceremony, and considering the logistical and emotional aspects involved, you can have a meaningful and smooth courthouse wedding experience. Whether you live in California or are visiting from out of state, the Golden State’s courthouse marriage process is flexible, affordable, and widely recognized, offering couples a perfect blend of simplicity and legality.
